Convert from unicode Tamil to TSCII, UTTamilNadu, Vikatanold, Vanavil, Anjal, Amudham, Abirami, Adhawin, Baamini, Diacritic, Elango, Indoweb, ISO5919, Kavipriya. Software to Convert text in most known Tamil character encoding schemes from one to another. Supports Unicode, TACE, TSCII, TAB, TAM, Bamini, Shreelipi, Diacritic, Vanavil, Softview. Definitions in an easy XML Structure that makes NHM Converter extendable to any language, any encoding easily; Works Very fast even for large volume of text. Easily type in Tamil online. Unicode support with multiple input options like phonetic, transliteration etc. Rich text editing is also supported. தமிழில் தட்டச்சு செய்.

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Tamil Fonts, Keyboards & Software

'..The talent, interest andenergy in Tamil Computing are widely scatteredaround the world. For nearly two decades, theexpertise and enthusiasm of this community werereflected as individual efforts mainly engagedin development of fonts and keyboard drivers.The fast changes in the computing environmentand worldwide proliferation of Internet usagehave widened the base of interest in TamilComputing and Internet applications...'Dr. M.Anandakrishnan at TamilInternet 2000

Stepwise instructions - to view UnicodeTamil text -

1. You need to have Unicode Tamil fonts installedon your computer and the Operating System capableof rendering Tamil Scripts. Windows XP comes witha Unicode Tamil Font (Latha) and you shouldnot need to download/install a unicodefont.

2. In the Control Panel, in Regional/LanguagesOptions you will need to ensure that Indic/AsianLanguage option is checked.

3. Use a browser that is capable of handlingUTF-8 based pages (Netscape 6, Internet Explorer5) with the Unicode Tamil font chosen as thedefault font for the UTF-8 char-set/encodingview. Unicode Tamil Fonts may be downloaded fromhere

Some users of Windows 98/NT/ME/2000 Windows NTmay find that even with a Tamil Unicode fontinstalled and the browser correctly set to View> Encoding > Unicode, some of the Tamilletters are incorrectly displayed. An example ofthis incorrect display may be viewed here usingany TSC font -

'அதோஅந்தபறவைபோல வாழவேண்டும்
இதோஇந்தஅலைகள்போல ஆடவேண்டும்
ஒரேவானிலேஒரேமண்ணிலே
ஒரேகீதம்உரிமைகீதம்பாடுவோம்'

This may be due to theearlier version of usp10.dll used in theseoperating systems. To correct this, it may benecessary to update the usp10.dll file inWindows. To do this,

1. Download the latestversion of the usp10.dll file. [one of the sitesfor this download is here . Alternatively, you maydownload the file from the Microsoft sitehere - save the downloaded.exe file - double click on the file - give atemporary folder address - the program willextract a few files into the folder - of these'usp.zip' is the one you will need - discard theother files - unzip usp.zip - it will give twofiles viz: usp10.dll and readme.txt ]

2. Go to the Windows folderand find the file named usp10.dll (usually in theSystem and/or System32 sub folder). Rename thefile to a different name say usp10.old .

3. Place the newlydownloaded usp10.dll file in the same folder asthe renamed usp10.old file.

6. Re start thecomputer.

[in addition see also -How to Switch usp.dll and Making Uniscribe (USP10.DLL)Available for All Programmes]

Ram S.Ravindran on using Tamil Unicode inPersonal Computers -
'Most of the PC computer users use either Win 98or XP operating systems. I recognize there aresome of us who use Mac and Linux machines.

Win 98 OS and the applications that go withthem don't support Unicode format. However, ifyou have Win 98 you can input in UnicodeTamil.

Recently (March 2004) most of us came to knowof a neat freeware program called LedLineIt!. This programallows you to create Unicode font Tamildocuments. All you need is e- Kalappai 1.0 or 2.0 withthe Unicode kmx file.

You can create a Unicode Tamil document withthe use of Thenee, aVarangal or TSCArparnarfonts. This program doesn't use any dll orWindows hook ups. However the exe file is about3.4 megs.

If you have IE explorer 5.5 or higher you canuse Ledlineit to create Unicode Tamil text andcut and paste it in Hotmail or Yahoo Webmailemail text boxes. So if you have Win 98 you canin fact read and write in Unicode Tamil in theemail. Likewise you can paste it in Blogs.

Using Leadlineit , you can save the Unicodedocument file and print it out as well. As amatter of fact, you can even save the document asa HTML file for uploading to a free Web hostingservice. So you can use it as a HTML editor aswell.
If you have Win XP machine, to get the bestUnicode capability, you need to install the Asianfont capability. From start, go to settings,control panel and then select the regionalsettings. Install the Asian font capability. (youmight be asked to place the WinXP OS disk).After you install the Asian font capability ,select the regional font option again and selectadvanced. Select the Tamil language option.

With MS office XP Word and selecting Tamildriver and selecting Latha font and usingEkalappai you can create a Tamil Unicodedocument. Using Publisher 2003 you can create aWeb page. Of course you can cut and paste into aBlog page.

You can enter in Tamil into the text boxes ofYahoo mail and Hotmail as well. The mostimportant thing to do is to make sure that youhave the Internet options set with Thenee UNIXfont and Tamil language selected. If you don't doit right then things won't be right.
Now you can input in Unicode Tamil in both Win 98and XP systems. Thanks to Ekalappai, (Keymanmodule) and Ledlineit we have the ability toinput in Unicode Tamil.' -(in Tamil dotNet mailing list in March 2004)

Tamil Fonts, Keyboards andBeyond

Dr. M.Anandakrishnan
Vice-Chairman, TamilnaduState Council For Higher Education,
Lady Willington College Campus, Kamarajar Salai,Chennai 600 005 at Tamil Internet 2000,Directions to the Digital World, Singapore 22-24July 2000

Preface

The talent, interest and energy in TamilComputing are widely scattered around the world.For nearly two decades, the expertise andenthusiasm of this community were reflected asindividual efforts mainly engaged in developmentof fonts and keyboard drivers.

The fast changes in the computing environmentand worldwide proliferation of Internet usagehave widened the base of interest in TamilComputing and Internet applications. In thisevolution, the first Tamilnet'97 Conference in Singaporeidentified the key issues and outlined the scopefor further intensive efforts. The secondConference, Tamilnet'99 held in Chennai providedthe basis for evolving common schemes for Tamilfont encoding and Tamil keyboardconfiguration.

Since then, there has been a sharp increase inhe level of activities in development of productsand initiating efforts in new directionsresponding to the rapid advances in informationtechnology. Current momentum includes, attentionto operating systems, OCR, Text to Voice, TamilBrowsers, remote communication, printers, fontand Tamil menus, dynamic fonts, Tamil e-mail,Tamil Domain Names, Tamil Virtual libraries,Web-based Tamil Courses and so on. This paperpresents an overview of the efforts in TamilNadu.

Introduction
Since the early eighties, when personalcomputers became available extensively, a numberof persons with deep interest in Tamil begandevelopment of Tamil fonts for use in thecomputers. A large number of Tamil fonts werecreated as glyphs allocating the upper half ofthe 8 bit ASCII Table. Individual font developersassigned different code positions to differentcharacters and modifiers.

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Since most of these initial developments werein English speaking countries with easier accessto personal computers than India, many chose toadopt Romanised Keyboards, with some smallvariations in using the QWERTY keys for someTamil fonts. There were also developments ofTamil keyboard configurations, either resemblinglargely the Remington Tamil Typewriter or withconfigurations of individual taste andreasoning.
The Singapore Tamilnet 97 Conferenceorganized by Dr. Naa Govindasamyhighlighted these variations and the consequenthandicaps in promoting use of Tamil in computersand in effective penetration of Tamil inInternet. This challenge was articulatedextensively by a group of enthusiastic personsthrough the discussion group TSCII (Tamil Standard Character for InformationInterchange). At the same time Dr. NaaGovindasamy evolved font encoding schemes andkeyboard configurations through the IRDU(Internet Research and Development Unit) ofSingapore.
The Tamilnet 99 at Chennai provided anoccasion to review these initiatives and suggested thatthe Tamil Glyph Encoding should consist of amonolingual (TAM) as well as a 2 bilingual (TAB)scheme. It also recommended a phonetic keyboard layout. Theconference drew attention to the variousimportant and urgent efforts required to beundertaken.

Convergence in FontEncoding

Most, if not all, of the Font Developers aresince converging towards one of the followingencoding schemes:

Anjal,TSCII,TAM, TAB, and Unicode

The user community is getting accustomedto the products based on one or the other schemedetermined by their convenience for exchange ofdocuments, e-mail communication, operatingenvironments and ease of availability andsupport. In Tamil Nadu all of these schemes arein use. There are also a few, mainly some Tamilnewspapers on the Internet, who continue to usefontsoutside these schemes either due to inertiaor backend compatibility.

The Tamil keyboard configuration in computerhas also been converging towards thefollowing:

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Romanized
Tamil 99 (phonetic)
Typewriter
Unicode

The Romanized keyboard is mostlyakin to Anjal sequence. Some variations in thisneed to be resolved. It is very convenient forthose familiar with the English language.
The Tamil 99 keyboard does not requirethe use of shift key except for Granthacharacters. Since one needs to remember onlyabout half the key positions as compared to othersystems, the new learners are attracted to this.The availability of bilingual keyboards based onTamil 99 configuration facilitates its widespreaduse. The automatic - pulli - is an add-onconvenience.
The typewriter keyboard is used by personsaccustomed to the Remington Tamil Typewriters.The Government of Tamil Nadu has also recommendeda common configuration for the typewriter keyboard configuration forcomputers.
The recent introduction of Unicode Tamil inWindows 2000 will require familiarity with itskeyboard configuration. It may be pointed outthat it does not matter which keyboardconfiguration is used as long as the associatedkeyboard driver is available. It is a matter ofindividual's choice and convenience.

CertificationObjective
For the users in Tamil Nadu Government systemit has been decided that they would use TAM orTAB primarily to ensure transportability of dataand information. To ensure that the purchases ofTamil Software products by Government users areassured of compatibility, the Governmentdesignated the KanithamizhSangam to undertake the responsibility toevaluate and certify that the software productsconform to the TAM/TAB encoding scheme.

It also required the keyboards to conform to the Tamil99 and/or therecommended typewriterconfiguration and the associated prescribedkey sequence. The process of evaluation byKanithamizh Sangam has built-in transparency andchecks. It has been helpful in expediting productevaluation and to build in confidence ingovernment purchases without procedural hurdles.It is also a convenience for Tamil softwaredevelopers. The users outside the governmentsystem need not insist on certification forencoding.

Certified Products

After the Tamilnet 99 Conference on 7-8February 1999, the Government of Tamil Naduannounced on 13.06.1999 the encodingstandards for TAM/TAB fonts and Keyboardconfiguration of Tamil 99. KanithamizhSangam has so far certified 17 products for conformityto Tamil 99 standards.
Other Products in Use

Apart from the certified products, manyother products that are now available in themarket have followed the Tamil 99 Standardsexclusively or as one of the options, as forexample:

Unicode Tamil Fonts

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OngoingActivities
A number of initiatives are currently underway indeveloping new Tamil softwares and tools suchas:
- IDHAM 2000 - An Advanced Tamil Interface for MSWindows**
- Bilingual Search Engine for Tamil and EnglishSites**
- Tamil JAVA - A Tamil Pre-processor forJAVA**
- Tamil 99 Keyboard Driver under DOS**
- Optical Character Reader (OCR) Software** (**These are described in separate papers sub-nitted for the Conference.)
- Text to Speech Synthesizer - This will convertany machines readable text into speech
- PONN - A Tamil Operating System - This willprovide an operating environment both in Tamiland English with facility for user communicationand design to execute the commands given inTamil.

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Conclusion

Considering the rapid changes in the hardwaresystems, application software, operatingenvironments and communication devices, there aremany new challenges that are to be undertakenwith time-bound goals and involving the besttalents available worldwide. It would be usefulto assign the primary responsibility forundertaking the development tasks to a particularinstitution or a research group who should befunded adequately. The progress of work should bereviewed at predefined intervals not only by thefunding agency but also through anotherdesignated mechanism such as INFITT.
New demands for development of uniqueproducts which are of immediate relevance shouldalso be identified through such a mechanism andevolve a method to analyse the involvement ofcompetent persons. It is high time that theperspectives on Tamil computing and TamilInternet are guided by vision and hope far beyondfont encoding and keyboards.